فہیمدہ ریاض کے ناولوں میں مارکسی عناصر: Marxist Elements in Fahmida Riaz's Novels

Abstract

  Fahmida Riaz (1946-2018) has tried to explore diverse socialist themes in her novels. Her novels, as a whole, have not been interpreted by the intertwined Marxist tendencies present in the texts, so it was necessary to comprehend her novels from this point of view. Apparently, it can be seen that the collectivist point of view in her novels is unswervingly integrated into humanism. For the validation of this point, all of her four novels, “Godawri”(1992), “Zinda Bahar Lane”(1996), “Karachi”(1996), and “Qila-e-Faramoshi”(2017), are evaluated by applying descriptive and documentary research methodology. The Marxist elements that she has represented in her novels include the consciousness of class distinction and the negation of religious extremism, fascism, and ultra-nationalism. This article will ponder the influence of Marxism in all four of her novels.